
Foreign loans are a necessary need of Vietnamese enterprises and especially foreign-invested enterprises in Vietnam. This article is a complete guide to 6 groups of issues that need to be done to implement foreign loans that are not guaranteed by the Government in accordance with the law.
Part 1 - Conditions for foreign loans #
Regulations on conditions for foreign loans of Residents being enterprises, cooperatives, unions of cooperatives, credit institutions (except commercial banks which are state-owned enterprises), foreign bank branches are allowed to apply for foreign loans. establishment, business activities in Vietnam are not guaranteed by the Government (hereinafter referred to as the Borrower) details as follows:
Subjects eligible for foreign loans
Enterprises, cooperatives and unions of cooperativesss legally established and operating in Vietnam (the borrower) are allowed to borrow foreign loans from foreign organizations and individuals (the creditor )
Conditions for getting a foreign loan
I. General conditions
The borrower is allowed to borrow from abroad to serve the following purposes:
1. Implementation of production and business plans, investment projects using foreign loans of the following subjects:
a) Of the borrower;
b) Of the enterprise in which the borrower participates in direct investment capital contribution (only applicable to medium and long-term foreign loans). In this case, the borrower's loan limit on the total loan turnover for the production and business plan, that investment project does not exceed the percentage of the borrower's capital contribution in the enterprise. take a loan to contribute capital.
Production and business plans, investment projects using foreign loans specified in this Clause must be approved by competent authorities in accordance with relevant provisions of Vietnamese law and in accordance with the scope of the license. establishment, business registration certificate, business registration certificate, investment certificate, registration of cooperatives and unions of cooperatives of the borrower or enterprise to which the borrower participates capital contribution for direct investment.
2. Restructuring the borrower's foreign debts without increasing borrowing costs.
II. Additional conditions
1. Conditions for short-term foreign loans:
a) Borrowers are not allowed to take short-term loans for medium and long-term capital use purposes;
2. Conditions for medium and long-term foreign loans:
(i) In case the borrower has an investment project using foreign loans and has been granted an investment certificate, the balance of medium and long-term loans (including domestic loans) of the borrower the case for that project must not exceed the difference between the total invested capital and the contributed capital recorded in the investment certificate;
(ii) In case the borrower borrows foreign loans to carry out production and business plans, investment projects are not granted investment certificates, the balance of medium and long-term loans (including outstanding loans in the borrower's country) does not exceed the total demand for loans in the production business plan, investment project approved by a competent authority in accordance with the law.
Borrowing cost - Foreign loan interest rate
The cost of foreign borrowing shall be agreed upon by the Borrower, the Lender and related parties, except for the case "In order to administer the foreign loan limit by self-borrowing and self-pay, when necessary, the Governor of the State Bank shall decide the application of conditions on foreign borrowing costs; decide and announce the ceiling on foreign borrowing costs from time to time.”
Types of foreign loans
A foreign loan agreement must be signed in writing before the loan is disbursed and not contrary to Vietnamese law.
Foreign loan currency
1. The foreign loan currency is the foreign currency.
2. Foreign loans in Vietnam dong are only allowed in the following cases:
a) The borrower is a microfinance institution;
b) The borrower is a foreign-invested enterprise that borrows from profits divided in Vietnam Dong from direct investment activities of the creditor being a foreign investor contributing capital to the borrower. ;
c) Other cases when considered and approved by the Governor of the State Bank based on the actual situation and necessary nature of each case.
Part 2 - Management of foreign borrowing and debt repayment #
Circular No. 03/2016/TT-NHNN dated February 26, 02 of the Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam guiding a number of contents on foreign exchange management for borrowing and paying foreign debts of enterprises. Effective from April 2016, 15, as amended and supplemented by:
Circular No. 05/2016/TT-NHNN dated April 15, 04 of the Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam amending and supplementing a number of articles of Circular No. 2016/03/TT-NHNN dated February 2016, 26 of the Governor of the State Bank guiding a number of contents on foreign exchange management for borrowing and paying foreign debts of enterprises, effective from April 02, 2016.
Circular No. 05/2017/TT-NHNN dated June 30, 6 of the Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam amending and supplementing a number of articles of Circular No. 2017/03/TT-NHNN dated February 2016, 26 of the Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam guiding a number of contents on foreign exchange management for borrowing and paying foreign debts of enterprises, effective from August 02, 2016.
1. Instructions for registering foreign loans #
Foreign loans must be registered as medium and long-term loans. Failure to register or late registration leads to many risks. Procedures for foreign loan registration should be carried out as follows:
Which loans must be registered with the State Bank?
Loans subject to registration with the State Bank include:
1. Medium and long-term foreign loans. The loan term is determined from the expected date of first capital withdrawal to the expected final repayment date on the basis of provisions in the foreign loan agreement.
2. A short-term loan is extended for which the total term of the loan is over 01 (one) year. The loan term is determined from the first date of capital withdrawal to the expected final repayment date on the basis of the provisions of the foreign loan agreement, the foreign loan extension agreement.
3. Short-term loans without an extension contract but with outstanding principal at the time of full 01 (one) year from the date of first capital withdrawal, unless the borrower completes loan repayment within a short period of time. 10 (ten) days from the round of 01 (one) year from the date of first capital withdrawal. The loan term is determined from the date of first withdrawal to the expected date of final repayment.
The withdrawal date specified in this Article is the date of loan disbursement for loans disbursed in cash
Who is responsible for applying for the loan?
Borrower enters into a foreign loan agreement to disburse directly in cash with the lender who is required to register for a loan.
Procedure for applying for foreign loans
1. Preparation of application for a government-guaranteed foreign loan:
a) In case the borrower chooses the online form: The borrower shall declare the Application for registration of a foreign loan not guaranteed by the Government on the Website to receive the loan code, print the Application from the Website. death, signature and stamp;
b) In case the borrower chooses the traditional form: The borrower completes an application form in Appendix 01 to this Circular.
2. Submit documents:
a) The borrower shall send the application for loan registration under this Circular by post or directly at the loan registration confirmation agency according to its competence specified in Article 18 of this Circular;
b) The borrower who chooses the online form may choose to submit an online application as instructed on the website.
3. Deadline for submission:
The borrower must submit a dossier within 30 (thirty) days from:
a) The date of signing the medium or long-term foreign loan agreement or the date of signing the guarantee document in case of the guaranteed loan or the date of signing the written capital withdrawal agreement in case the parties agree on the capital withdrawal on the basis of signed framework agreements and prior to withdrawal;
b) The signing date of the agreement on extension of the short-term loyal and long-term foreign loan for the self-repayment loan is specified in Clause 2, Article 9 of this Circular;
c) The full date of 01 (one) year from the first drawdown date for self-repayment loans specified in Clause 3, Article 9 of this Circular.
4. The State Bank shall provide in writing certifying or refusing to confirm loan registration within:
a) 12 (twelve) working days from the date of receipt of a complete and valid application file from the borrower in the event that the borrower chooses the online option;
b) 15 (fifteen) working days from the date of receipt of a complete and valid application file from the borrower in the event that the borrower chooses the form of communication; or
c) 45 (forty five) working days from the date of receipt of a complete and valid application file from the borrower in case a loan denominated in Vietnam dong must be reviewed and approved by the Governor of the State Bank. according to current law provisions on enterprises' foreign loan conditions that are not guaranteed by the Government;
d) In case of refusal of confirmation of loan registration, the State Bank shall issue a document clearly stating the reason.
5. For loans denominated in Vietnam dong to be permitted by the Governor of the State Bank in accordance with the current law provisions on foreign loan conditions, the loan registration procedure is concurrently the procedure to request the Governor of the State Bank. State Bank Governor considers and approves the loan; The written confirmation of loan registration is concurrently the document approving the loan of the Governor of the State Bank.
6. The competent authority defined in Article 18 of this Circular shall:
a) Check the consistency and accuracy of the loan registration dossier and information declared on the Website; update the application processing situation on the Website for the borrower to promptly follow up in case the borrower chooses the online form;
b) Input information about loans on websites to create loan codes and store information in the database of enterprises that are not guaranteed by the Government. The borrower chooses the traditional form.
Application file for foreign loan
1. Loan application form.
2. Copies (certified by the borrower) of the borrower's legal documents, including: Establishment License, Business Registration Certificate, Business Registration Certificate, Investment Certificate or Other equivalent documents.
3. Copy (certified by the borrower) or original document proving the borrowing purpose, including:
(i) Production and business plans, investment projects using foreign loans approved by competent authorities in accordance with the Law on Investment, the Law on Enterprises and the Enterprise Charter, except for the case of the project. investment has been clearly determined the scale of investment capital by the competent authority issuing the investment certificate;
4. Copy and Vietnamese translation (certified by the borrower) of the foreign loan agreement and the agreement on extending the short-term loyal and long-term loan (if any); or a withdrawal document attached to the framework agreement.
5. Confirmation by the account service provider in the following cases: Where the capital transferred by a foreign investor into Vietnam has been used to satisfy the investment preparation expenses is converted into a water loan. in the medium and long term of a foreign direct investment enterprise in accordance with current regulations of relevant laws on foreign direct investment in Vietnam: Document of the account service provider of the The lender confirms receipt and expenditure transactions related to the loan formation;
6. Documents proving that the profit is legally divided in Vietnam Dong from direct investment activities of the lender being a foreign investor contributing capital at the borrower and certification by the supplying bank account service on the distribution and remittance of profits to the home country of the creditor to demonstrate the loan disbursement for the case of foreign loans denominated in Vietnam dong in accordance with current regulations on foreign loan conditions in VND Vietnam
Legal cases to register for changes in foreign loans
Cases in which registration to change loans is required
1. Except for the cases specified in Clauses 2 and 3 of this Article, the case of any change of contents related to a loan specified in the State Bank's written certification of registration of a foreign loan (according to form in Appendix 02 attached to this Circular), the borrower shall be responsible for registering changes in foreign loans with the State Bank as prescribed in this Circular.
2. In case the plan for capital withdrawal, debt repayment or charge transfer actually changes within 10 (ten) days compared to the plan on capital withdrawal, debt repayment and charge transfer previously confirmed by the State Bank, the Party the borrower shall have to notify in writing the account service provider to withdraw capital and pay debts according to the change plan; No loan change registration is required with the State Bank.
3. The borrower shall only notify in writing to the State Bank, not register for loan changes with the following contents:
a) Change of the borrower's address in the province or city where the borrower's head office is located;
b) Change of the Lender, relevant information about the lender in a syndicated loan designating representatives of the lenders, except where the Lender is concurrently the lender's representative in the loan syndication and the change of the lender changes the role of the lender's representative;
c) Change of commercial transaction name of the account service provider.
4. Within 30 (thirty) days from the date of change or receipt of notice of change in the contents specified in Clause 3 of this Article, the borrower shall send the notice by post or in person. at the loan registration confirmation agency according to its competence specified in Article 18 of this Circular.
Procedures for loan change registration
1. Prepare Application for Change of Loan:
a) In case the borrower chooses the online form: The borrower shall declare the Application for Loan Change Registration on the Website, print the Application from the website, sign and stamp;
b) In case the borrower chooses the traditional form: The borrower completes an application form in Appendix 03 to this Circular.
2. Submit records
a) Within 30 (thirty) days from the date of signing the change agreement or before the time the changes take place (in case the changed contents do not need to sign the change agreement but still ensure compliance In accordance with foreign loan agreements), the borrower shall send the application for registration of changes to the loan by post or directly at the loan registration confirmation agency or the agency confirming the registration for the next loan change. most recently for cases where there are already registration of loan changes to register for loan changes according to the competence specified in Article 18 of this Circular.
b) The borrower who chooses the online form may choose to submit an online application as instructed on the website.
3. The State Bank shall provide in writing certifying or refusing to confirm loan registration within:
a) 12 (twelve) working days from the date of receipt of a complete and valid application file from the borrower (if the Borrower chooses the online option), or;
b) 15 (fifteen) working days from the date of receipt of a complete and valid application file from the borrower (in case the borrower chooses the traditional form);
c) In case of refusal of confirmation of loan change registration, the State Bank shall issue a document clearly stating the reason.
4. The competent authority defined in Article 18 of this Circular shall:
a) Check the consistency and accuracy of the application for registration of changes to loans and information declared on the Website; update the application processing situation on the Website for the borrower to promptly follow up in case the borrower chooses the online form;
b) Entities that enter relevant information of loans on websites to store information on the database of enterprises' foreign loan and loan repayment not guaranteed by the Government in case the borrower chooses. traditional form.
Loan change registration documents
1. An application for registration of changes to a loan as provided for in Clause 1, Article 16 of this Circular.
2. Copies and Vietnamese translations of the signed loan change agreements (certified by the borrower) in case the changes need to be agreed upon between the parties.
3. A copy (certified by the borrower) of the guarantor's approval of the loan change in case the borrower's loan is guaranteed.
4. A copy (certified by the borrower) of a competent authority's document in accordance with law on assignment and decentralization of the rights, responsibilities and obligations of the state owner towards State-owned enterprises and state capital invested in enterprises on the approval of the change of the foreign loan plan of the borrower being state-owned enterprises in the case of the increase in loan turnover or extension of the loan term.
5. Components of the dossier specified in Clause 3, Article 14 of this Circular, for the case of change in loan turnover increase.
6. The composition of the dossier specified in Clause 7, Article 14 of this Circular, for cases where the borrower being a credit institution or foreign bank branch increases the foreign loan turnover.
7. The account service provider's written certification of the progress of capital withdrawal and debt repayment (principal and interest) up to the time of loan change registration in case of registration of change in loan turnover, and Capital withdrawal plan, debt repayment plan or commercial bank providing account service.
Authority to confirm foreign loan registration
1. The State Bank (the Foreign Exchange Management Department) shall confirm the registration and registration of changes for loans with a loan turnover of more than USD 10 (ten) million (or other foreign currencies with value). equivalent) and foreign loans denominated in VND.
2. State Bank branches in provinces and centrally-run cities where the borrower's head office is located shall confirm the registration and registration of changes for loans with a loan turnover of up to 10 (ten). million USD (or another foreign currency of equivalent value).
3. Where the change of increase or decrease in loan turnover, change of loan currency, change of the head office of the borrower, change of the borrower to an enterprise whose head office is located in another locality changes the basis. Agencies competent to confirm registration of changes to loans, and agencies certifying registration and registration for changes of initial loans have the following responsibilities:
a) Act as the focal point to receive the borrower's application for registration of changes to loans;
b) Within 07 (seven) business days of receipt of the borrower's application for change registration, transfer all original of application for change registration and a copy of the application, The application file for registration of changes made of the loan (if any) to the competent authority as prescribed in Clauses 1 and 2 of this Article for further processing.
4. In case there are changes to a foreign loan denominated in Vietnam dong with confirmation of registration or change registration by a branch, the processing of the application for change registration shall comply with regulations. process specified in Clause 3 of this Article.
5. In cases where a loan denominated in Vietnam dong must be considered and approved by the Governor of the State Bank, the Foreign Exchange Management Department shall act as the focal point and coordinate with the State Bank's relevant units to report to the Governor of the State Bank. The State Bank Governor considers and decides according to his / her competence.
Handling of loan registration and change registration documents in case the borrower commits an administrative violation in the field of foreign exchange management, foreign loan management, and foreign debt repayment
In the course of processing dossiers for registration and registration of changes in loans, in case the State Bank detects that the borrower has committed administrative violations in the areas of foreign exchange control, loan management, and water debt repayment. In addition (including non-compliance with reporting regulations on foreign loans and repayment of foreign loans), the confirmation of registration, confirmation of loan change registration by the borrower is carried out upon completion. handle administrative violations in accordance with the current law on handling of administrative violations in the monetary and banking sector.
How long does it take for an approved subscription to expire?
1. The State Bank (the Foreign Exchange Management Department) shall confirm the registration and registration of changes for loans with a loan turnover of more than USD 10 (ten) million (or other foreign currencies with value). equivalent) and foreign loans denominated in VND.
2. State Bank branches in provinces and centrally-run cities where the borrower's head office is located shall confirm the registration and registration of changes for loans with a loan turnover of up to 10 (ten). million USD (or another foreign currency of equivalent value).
3. Where the change of increase or decrease in loan turnover, change of loan currency, change of the head office of the borrower, change of the borrower to an enterprise whose head office is located in another locality changes the basis. Agencies competent to confirm registration of changes to loans, and agencies certifying registration and registration for changes of initial loans have the following responsibilities:
a) Act as the focal point to receive the borrower's application for registration of changes to loans;
b) Within 07 (seven) business days of receipt of the borrower's application for change registration, transfer all original of application for change registration and a copy of the application, The application file for registration of changes made of the loan (if any) to the competent authority as prescribed in Clauses 1 and 2 of this Article for further processing.
4. In case there are changes to a foreign loan denominated in Vietnam dong with confirmation of registration or change registration by a branch, the processing of the application for change registration shall comply with regulations. process specified in Clause 3 of this Article.
5. In cases where a loan denominated in Vietnam dong must be considered and approved by the Governor of the State Bank, the Foreign Exchange Management Department shall act as the focal point and coordinate with the State Bank's relevant units to report to the Governor of the State Bank. The State Bank Governor considers and decides according to his / her competence.
Handling of loan registration and change registration documents in case the borrower commits an administrative violation in the field of foreign exchange management, foreign loan management, and foreign debt repayment
In the course of processing dossiers for registration and registration of changes in loans, in case the State Bank detects that the borrower has committed administrative violations in the areas of foreign exchange control, loan management, and water debt repayment. In addition (including non-compliance with reporting regulations on foreign loans and repayment of foreign loans), the confirmation of registration, confirmation of loan change registration by the borrower is carried out upon completion. handle administrative violations in accordance with the current law on handling of administrative violations in the monetary and banking sector.
In case of cancellation of loan registration approval document
1. Cases of termination of validity of the written confirmation of registration or registration change when the loan is not yet withdrawn:
a) The borrower's application for loan registration or change registration contains fraudulent information in order to be eligible for confirmation of foreign loan registration or change registration;
b) The application for change registration meets regulations on procedures for registration, registration for changes of loans as prescribed in this Circular, but the information requested for registration of changes is inaccurate, resulting in deviation in contents of the State Bank's written confirmation, confirmation of change registration;
c) The written confirmation of registration or change registration is issued against the authority specified in Article 18 of this Circular.
2. When the loan has been withdrawn, the competent agency shall issue a document on the invalidation of the written confirmation of registration or registration for change in the cases specified at Points b and c, Clause 1 of this Article. .
3. The agency certifying the loan registration and change registration according to its competence specified in Article 18 of this Circular shall send a document to the borrower and relevant parties on the termination and reasons for such termination. validity of the written confirmation of loan registration and registration for changes.
4. For the cases specified at Points b and c, Clauses 1 and 2 of this Article, after the written confirmation of loan registration or registration is terminated, the borrower shall be responsible for to coordinate with competent agencies in registering and registering changes in loans in accordance with this Circular in order to have grounds for continued loan application.
2. Opening and using a bank account for foreign loans #
Foreign loans are not allowed to be transacted through the enterprise's current account, which leads to many serious consequences. The correct opening and use of a foreign loan account should be done as follows:
Open a loan account (Do not use a checking account to transact foreign loans)
1. Foreign loan and debt repayment account means the borrower's payment account opened at an account service-providing bank for the purpose of capital withdrawal, foreign loan repayment and other related money transfer transactions. to foreign borrowing and debt repayment activities.
2. For the borrower that is an enterprise with foreign direct investment capital:
a) For medium and long-term foreign loans: The foreign loan and debt repayment account is the direct investment capital account. In addition to revenues and expenditures related to foreign borrowing and foreign debt repayment specified in Articles 26 and 27 of this Circular, the borrower is a foreign direct-invested enterprise using an investment capital account. Direct investment (also a foreign loan or debt repayment account) for other revenues and expenditures related to foreign direct investment activities in Vietnam in accordance with the current law on foreign management. foreign direct investment in Vietnam.
b) For short-term foreign loans: The borrower can use the direct investment capital account under the provisions of Point a of this Clause or another foreign loan or debt repayment account (other than the capital account. direct investment) to perform receipt and expenditure transactions related to a foreign loan. Each short-term foreign loan can only be made through 01 (one) account service provider. The borrower can use 01 (one) account for 01 (one) or more short-term foreign loans. The contents of revenues and expenditures of this account are specified in Article 26 and Article 27 of this Circular.
3. The borrower that is not a foreign direct-invested enterprise must open a foreign loan or debt repayment account at an account service-providing bank in order to carry out money transfer transactions related to the loan. foreign countries (capital withdrawal, principal repayment, interest debt). Each foreign loan can only be made through 01 (one) account service provider. The borrower can use 01 (one) account for 01 (one) or more foreign loans. The contents of revenues and expenditures of this account are specified in Article 26 and Article 27 of this Circular.
Loan account in the case of a foreign country from the profit distributed in Vietnam dong from the direct investment activities of the lender
1. The borrower that is an enterprise with foreign direct investment capital may borrow foreign loans in Vietnam Dong from profits divided in Vietnam Dong from direct investment activities of the investor lender. Foreign investors contribute capital to the borrower.
2. The lender being a non-resident foreign investor contributing capital to the borrower may use Vietnamese dong payment accounts of the non-resident to perform receipt and expenditure transactions related to the borrower. loans in VND as prescribed in Clause 1 of this Article.
Regulations on the use of foreign loan accounts
I. Receipt and expenditure transactions on foreign loan and foreign debt repayment accounts in foreign currencies
Foreign currency loan and foreign debt repayment accounts may only be used to perform transactions related to foreign borrowing and foreign debt repayment activities as follows:
1. Collection transactions:
a) Collection of money withdrawn from foreign loans;
b) Receipts from buying foreign currencies from account service providers to transfer money for debt repayment (principal, interest) of foreign loans, and payment of fees according to loan agreements;
c) Conversion of foreign currency from foreign loan withdrawals in case the loan disbursement from the lender is not the currency of the foreign loan or debt repayment account;
d) Receipts from the borrower's foreign currency payment account opened at an authorized credit institution in Vietnam, and the borrower's foreign currency account opened overseas.
2. Payment transactions:
a) Remittance of money for debt repayment (principal, interest) of a foreign loan;
b) Remittance abroad to pay compulsory debt acknowledgment to the non-resident guarantor as prescribed in Chapter V of this Circular;
c) Remittance to the borrower's foreign currency payment account;
d) Sale of foreign currency to authorized credit institutions;
dd) Remittance to the borrower's foreign-currency account opened overseas for the fulfillment of commitments under the foreign loan agreement;
e) Money transfer to pay fees according to foreign loan agreements;
g) Foreign currency conversion to pay debts (principal, interest) of the foreign loan in case the debt payment contract is not the currency of the foreign loan or debt repayment account.
II. Transactions on receipts and payments on foreign loan and debt repayment accounts in Vietnam dong
Foreign loan and foreign loan repayment accounts in Vietnam dong are only used to perform transactions related to foreign loans as follows:
1. Collection transactions:
a) Collection and transfer of foreign loan withdrawals in case the lender uses Vietnam dong payment accounts opened at a credit institution or foreign bank branch in Vietnam;
b) Collect money withdrawn from the sale of foreign currency to an authorized credit institution in Vietnam in case the lender does not use the Vietnam dong payment account opened in Vietnam to disburse the loan;
c) Transfer collection from the borrower's Vietnam dong payment account.
2. Payment transactions:
a) Payments for transfer to Vietnam dong payment accounts of the creditor to pay debts (principal, interest) in case the lender uses Vietnam dong payment accounts to recover the debt as agreed. loan agreement;
b) Purchase of foreign currency to repay debts (principal, interest) of the foreign loan in case the lender does not use the Vietnamese dong payment account to recover the debt under the loan agreement;
c) Payment of debts received to the guarantor in accordance with Chapter V of this Circular;
d) Payment of fees in Vietnam dong, purchase of foreign currency to pay fees in foreign currency related to foreign loans;
dd) Payment for transfer to Vietnam dong payment accounts of the borrower.
Change foreign loan account
1. In case of change of a foreign loan execution account due to a change in the account service provider, the borrower shall request the current account service provider to confirm the withdrawal and repayment situation. related to foreign loans so that the new account service provider shall continue monitoring the implementation of the foreign loan in accordance with the current regulations on foreign loan management and foreign debt repayment.
2. In case of change of a foreign loan loan account due to change of currency but no change of the account service provider, the account service provider shall supervise the capital withdrawal and payment. foreign loan debt in accordance with current regulations on management of foreign loan and debt repayment.
Disbursement of foreign loans
I. Principle of cash flow transparency
1. The borrower must perform all money transfer transactions (capital withdrawal, debt repayment) related to the foreign loan through the borrower's foreign loan or debt repayment account.
2. Orders of money transfer between residents and non-residents relating to capital withdrawal, debt repayment (principal, interest) and fee payment of a foreign loan must be clarified with the purpose of money transfer to The account service provider has the facility to compare, check, keep documents and make transactions.
3. The borrower is responsible for specifying and requesting the Lender to specify the purpose of the remittance transaction relating to the foreign loan to serve as a basis for determination of foreign debt obligations and to remit loan repayment. (principal, interest) when the payment is due.
II. Loan disbursement
1. For foreign loans which must be registered with the State Bank, the borrower may withdraw capital and repay (principal and interest) of the foreign loan only after the loan is confirmed by the State Bank. registration receipt, except for the case of capital withdrawal, partial repayment of principal and interest in the first year of a short-term or long-term loan.
2. The borrower may only receive the disbursement and remit the loan repayment (principal, interest) through the accounts of the creditor, the representatives of the lenders or the payment agent banks of the giving parties. borrowing in the case of a syndicated loan or a loan using a payment agent bank as prescribed in loan agreement
3. In case of receiving disbursement money and transferring debt repayment money (principal, interest) of a foreign loan in a foreign currency through the account of a non-resident third party other than the subjects specified in Clause 2 of this Article This content should be specified in the loan agreement (or change agreement), in case the loan is subject to registration with the State Bank, this content must be confirmed in the confirmation of registration. sign, confirm registration of changes to foreign loans.
How to repay foreign loans
I. Money transfer to pay back foreign loans in the form of import goods with deferred payment
When remitting the principal and interest of a foreign loan in the form of deferred payment of goods, the borrower is responsible for presenting documents and documents at the request of the financial service provider's bank. clause.
II. Buy foreign currency and transfer money to pay foreign debts
1. Borrowers purchase foreign currencies at authorized credit institutions to pay principal, interest and fees related to foreign loans on the basis of presenting documents and documents proving their demand for foreign currency payment. legal regulations and requirements of authorized credit institutions.
2. Licensed credit institutions shall provide documents proving their lawful foreign currency payment demands on the principle of verifying the borrowers' legal debt obligations through foreign loan agreements and vouchers. determination of loan withdrawal, the State Bank's written confirmation of foreign loan registration (in case a loan is required to be registered with the State Bank) and other documents (if any) as required. requirements of authorized credit institutions.
III. Cases of capital withdrawal and debt repayment are not performed via foreign loan or debt repayment accounts
1. Cases of capital withdrawal not through foreign loan or debt repayment accounts:
a) Withdraw capital from the lender to pay directly to the non-resident beneficiary providing goods or services under the goods or service sale and purchase contract with the resident;
b) Withdraw capital in the form of import of goods with deferred payment from the creditor;
c) Withdraw capital of the foreign loan in the form of financial leasing;
d) Withdraw capital through the borrower's account opened overseas in case the borrower is allowed to open accounts overseas for the purpose of performing foreign loans;
dd) Withdraw capital from mid and long-term foreign loans through clearing against direct payment obligations with the lender.
2. Cases of debt repayment not through foreign loan or debt repayment accounts:
a) Repaying debt in the form of providing goods and services to the lender;
b) Repaying the debt with shares or contributed capital of the borrower in accordance with the law;
c) Repay mid-term and long-term foreign loans through clearing receivables directly with the lender;
d) Repay debt through the borrower's account opened overseas (in case the borrower is allowed to open accounts overseas for the purpose of making foreign loans).
dd) To repay short-term foreign loans in the form of deferred payment of goods imported.
3. Foreign loan report #
Enterprises, when having foreign loans, must implement the periodical reporting regime and the irregular reporting regime. Failure to comply with the reporting regime can lead to administrative penalties and problems when renewing or applying for a new loan. Enterprises need to comply with the full reporting regime, guided as follows:
Periodic foreign loan reporting regime
I. Reporting regime for borrowers who choose online form
1. Quarterly, at the latest on the 05th of the month immediately following the reporting period, the borrower must report online on the implementation of short, medium and long-term loans on the website.
2. Within 10 (ten) working days from the date of receipt of the Borrower's report on the Website, the Branch shall approve the report on the Website to save information in the database. If the reported information is accurate, the borrower will be notified by email of the completion of the report as required. In case of inaccurate or clarifying information, the Branch shall notify the borrower by email to make data adjustments.
II. Reporting regime for borrowers choosing the traditional form
1. On a quarterly basis, no later than the 05th of the month immediately following the reporting period, the borrower must send its Branch a written report on the implementation of short, medium and long-term loans according to the form. in Appendix 04 attached to this Circular.
2. Within 10 (ten) working days from the date of receipt of the borrower's report, the Branch organizes the entry of the borrower's report into the form on the Website to save information on the website. the data.
Unexpected foreign loan reporting regime
In extraordinary cases or when necessary, the borrower or account service provider shall make reports at the request of the State Bank.
Foreign loan registration and foreign loan reporting can be done in the traditional way, either directly or at the following address on the website of the Foreign Exchange Management Department of the State Bank of Vietnam:
4. Convert foreign loans into contributed capital #
Foreign loan can be converted into contributed capital if the conditions prescribed by law are met. The conversion of foreign loans into contributed capital can be done under the following conditions:
Regulations on converting foreign loans into contributed capital
Pursuant to Point b, Clause 2, Article 34 of the Circular No. 03/2016 / TT-NHNN dated February 26, 02 of the Governor of the State Bank of Vietnam guiding a number of contents on foreign exchange management for borrowing and corporate foreign debt repayment, effective from April 2016, 15.
Article 34: Capital withdrawal and debt repayment are not performed via the foreign loan or debt repayment account
1. Cases of capital withdrawal not through foreign loan or debt repayment accounts:
a) Withdraw capital from the lender to pay directly to the non-resident beneficiary providing goods or services under the goods or service sale and purchase contract with the resident;
b) Withdraw capital in the form of import of goods with deferred payment from the creditor;
c) Withdraw capital of the foreign loan in the form of financial leasing;
d) Withdraw capital through the borrower's account opened overseas in case the borrower is allowed to open accounts overseas for the purpose of performing foreign loans;
dd) Withdraw capital from mid and long-term foreign loans through clearing against direct payment obligations with the lender.
2. Cases of debt repayment not through foreign loan or debt repayment accounts:
a) Repaying debt in the form of providing goods and services to the lender;
b) Repaying the debt with shares or contributed capital of the borrower in accordance with the law;
c) Repay mid-term and long-term foreign loans through clearing receivables directly with the lender;
d) Repay debt through the borrower's account opened overseas (in case the borrower is allowed to open accounts overseas for the purpose of making foreign loans).
dd) To repay short-term foreign loans in the form of deferred payment of goods imported.
Conditions for being approved to convert foreign loans into contributed capital
The borrower and the lender can agree to repay the debt with the borrower's shares or capital contribution and need to be registered in accordance with the law, approved by the business registration and investment registration agency.
If you need advice on this point, please contact us.
Part 3 - Sanctions for administrative violations related to foreign loans #
In case the Borrower fails to comply with regulations related to the performance of foreign loans and repayment, the Borrower may penalties for not registering foreign loans, subject to the application of major violation handling measures as prescribed by law, as follows:
Penalties for administrative violations of foreign loans: Violations against regulations on reporting, management and information provision
Article 47. Violations against regulations on reporting, management and information provision
1. A fine of between VND 5.000.000 and VND 10.000.000 shall be imposed on one of the following acts of violation:
a) Violating the regulations on time limit and requirements for completeness and accuracy for the second time or more in the fiscal year of statistical reports with a period of less than 01 month;
b) Sending reports not on time as prescribed by law, except for the cases specified at Point a of this Clause, Points a and c, Clause 5 of this Article and Clause 1, Article 44 of this Decree;
c) Failing to keep and preserve dossiers and documents on time as prescribed by law, except for the case specified at Point a, Clause 1, Article 14 of this Decree;
d) Reported data submitted is inaccurate 02 or more times in a fiscal year, except for the case specified at Point b, Clause 5 of this Article.
2. A fine ranging from VND 10.000.000 to VND 15.000.000 shall be imposed for failing to submit sufficient reports or reports with insufficient contents as prescribed by law, except for the cases specified in Clauses 2 and 3, Article 44. , Clause 1, Article 45 of this Decree.
3. A fine of between VND 20.000.000 and VND 30.000.000 shall be imposed on one of the following acts of violation:
a) Failing to register with a competent state agency the changes specified at Point b, Clause 4, Article 29 of the Law on Credit Institutions;
b) Failing to publish changes as prescribed at Points a, b, c and d, Clause 1, Article 29 of the Law on Credit Institutions on the media of the State Bank and a daily newspaper in 03 consecutive issues or electronic newspaper of Vietnam within 07 working days from the date of approval by the State Bank.
4. A fine of between VND 30.000.000 and VND 40.000.000 shall be imposed on one of the following acts of violation:
a) Making untruthful reports;
b) Providing information related to the operation of the State Bank, credit institutions, foreign bank branches, customer information of credit institutions, foreign bank branches in contravention of regulations; provisions of law;
c) Failing to provide information, records and documents as prescribed by law;
d) Leaking or using customer information of credit institutions or foreign bank branches for improper purposes as prescribed by law.
5. A fine of between VND 40.000.000 and VND 50.000.000 shall be imposed on one of the following acts of violation:
a) Send reports on credit information indicators not on time to the State Bank;
b) To report inaccurate, untimely, incomplete or technical credit information criteria to the State Bank;
c) Failing to report credit information to the State Bank in accordance with regulations on credit information activities of the State Bank;
d) Failing to report on statistics of international money transfer transactions in and out as prescribed by law.
6. A fine of between VND 50.000.000 and VND 100.000.000 shall be imposed on one of the following acts of violation:
a) Failing to immediately report to the competent authority the risk of insolvency;
b) Failing to provide information at the request of the State Bank and competent state agencies as prescribed in Clause 4, Article 18 of the Law on prevention and combat of money laundering.
7. Remedies:
a) Forcible sending back complete and accurate reports, for violations specified at Points a, b, d, Clause 1, Clause 2 and Clause 5 of this Article;
b) Prohibit the expansion of the scope, scale and area of operation and the addition of new business operations while the violation has not yet been fully remedied, for the violations specified at Point a, Clause 5, and Point a, Clause 7 of this Article. XNUMX This Article;
c) Requesting or requesting competent authorities to consider and apply the measure of suspension from 01 to 03 months or dismissal of management, executive and control positions; not allow to hold administrative, executive and controlling positions at credit institutions, foreign bank branches for violators and/or individuals responsible for violations specified in Clause 6 of this Article. Point a, Clause XNUMX of this Article.
Request credit institutions, foreign bank branches to dismiss and take other handling measures as prescribed by law for violators within the competence of credit institutions, foreign bank branches. outside.
Penalties for not applying for a loan
A fine ranging from VND 20.000.000 to VND 30.000.000 shall be imposed for one of the following violations: Failure to comply with the law on administrative procedures for registration and registration for loan changes foreign.
Other consequences due to violations of regulations on foreign loans
Besides being sanctioned for administrative violations due to improper implementation of foreign loans, in our experience, there is another consequence of not being able to make loan repayments unless approved in writing. of the State Bank of Vietnam.
See also the Official Letter of the State Bank guiding the sanction of both the borrower and the loan-executing bank for violating regulations on foreign loans here: Official Letter 899-NHNN-QLNH 2019 regarding the administrative office in the process of implementing foreign loans